What Factors Led to Unrest and Ignited the Russian Revolution?The Russian Revolution took place in 1917, during the final phase of World War I, in which the event brought the transformation of the Russian Empire and marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and centuries of Russian Imperial rule. In all, it abolished the Romanov dynasty and led to the establishment of the world's first communist/socialist government; ensuing the new Soviet Government announcement of its withdrawal from the First World War. In the years preceding the Russian Revolution, the country had a succession of wars, namely the Crimean War (1854-56), the Russo-Turkish War (1877-78), the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), and World War I (1914-18). The Bolsheviks, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and similarly referred to as 'Reds' during the Russian Revolution of 1917 apex, fought to overthrow the czar and establish communism. Led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, altogether seized power and destroyed the tradition of czarist rule, and would, in the near future, become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
In 1809, Russia seized the Swedish-claimed Finland, which had been incorporated into the Russian Empire, where preceding, the Patriotic War with Napoleon commenced in the extended period of 1812, who seemingly declared himself as emperor of France. A campaign of the Russian army took place, which liberated the European countries from the domination of Napoleon, given the victory in the Patriotic War. Subsequently, revolutionary ideas that had penetrated into Russia in 1825 turned into a failed Decembrist uprising. Fearing the aforementioned uprisings, the state tightened control over the country's political, economic, and cultural life; hence, Russia was declared "The Gendarme of Europe." Following the Decembrist pioneered riot, Nicholas I did not account trust in the nobility, and accordingly, the officials became the ruling class. In the course of long wars with the mountaineers in the 19th century, Russia annexed the Caucasus (including territories of Central Asia). In 1861, serfdom was abolished in Russia under the rule of Emperor Alexander II; similarly, a number of liberal reforms accelerated the modernization of the country, radically changing society (called the "Revolution from Above"). The authorities dreaded the weakening of the foundations of autocracy - duly, the reforms were not completed, Bureaucratic centralism was preserved, the agrarian question was not resolved, the constitution was not adopted; there were no legislative power or political parties. The consequences for the remainder of the century occurred during various broadly spread, far-reaching events; Napoleon’s invasion, the Decembrist Revolt and the liberation of the serfs. It consequently enlivened Russian authors and artists to create the known term of the Golden Age of Russian culture. The century additionally observed the Russian Empire venture/expand into Finland, Poland, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Far East and establish trading posts in Alaska and California.
Prior to the Triple Alliance, during the primary half of the nineteenth century, serfs were continuously treated as the property of their feudal masters and could be purchased/sold, though they obtained merely more rights than slaves, due to Western Europe viewing Russia as hopelessly reverse. Yet, the nobility of various Russian aristocrats voyaged broadly in Western Europe and embraced French as the true language of polite discourse. The reign of Alexander I was typified as "Russia At The Crossroads." Russia hence began to develop a culture which would be admired and emulated by the West. Accordingly, the Empire moved to the focal primitive of the European diplomacy arena, in which Russian educators, whom mirrored the ideals of renowned Voltaire, viewed public education as contribution to native virtues, local temperances, and leading of national progress. However, the given disposition altered after the Napoleonic wars when, in fear of revolution and insurgency, authorities saw the school system primarily as a means for inculcating obedience and Christian pietism. When the French threat was suppressed, Emperor Alexander I remitted to his plans of reforming Russia (was well known for his liberal views) and he toyed with the idea of emancipating the serfs and embracing a constitution for Russia. Be that as it may, these said plans were strongly opposed by the elite and thus, Alexander too strayed his awaited will, believing that the Russian society was not yet prepared for emancipation and a constitution. Hence, outside powers suppressed Russia.
Thereafter, the 70s of the nineteenth century were the period of the emergence of ideas regarding the severe revolutionary struggle. After the assassination of Alexander II, Alexander III ascended the throne, who during his reign did not direct a single war, for which he was called the "Peacemaker." Inevitably, his task was to reinforce the economy and the advancement of large industrial enterprises; developing a new course in all areas of public life, limiting the freedom of the press and the democratic nature of local self-government. Henceforth, the time period of 1881-1917 ignited the widespread of Marxism in Russia and formation of revolutionary parties: of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers Party (RSDLP) and the Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs). The empire’s triple hunt was created in 1907 between Russian, France, and Great Britain (entente). After critical disagreement, the balance of power existed in Europe between this group and the Triple Alliance. Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente to counterbalance the threat posed by the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria and Italy, in which the countries in the alliances signed treaties agreeing to defend each other in times of war. However, the Triple Entente increased tension among European nations established two rival camps, and escalated reason for war. In all, to summarize what is alluded to as the First Russian Revolution, the mass political and social distress throughout the Empire, comprised of worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies, in which it was initially prodded by the Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War; instigating society of the need for reform. Economically, widespread inflation and food shortages in Russia contributed to the revolution.
