Former Premier of the Soviet Union
A Marxist, Vladimir Lenin founded Leninism, a type of communist doctrine. Lenin's Bolshevik administration initially shared power with the Left Socialist Revolutionaries, elected soviets, and a multi-party Constituent Assembly, yet by 1918, power had been consolidated in the new Communist Party. His slogan was "peace, bread, and land," and he garnered the support of Russian proletariat and factory workers by promising and preaching the communist principles.
Emperor of Russia
Alexander abolished serfdom and established revolutionary substantial reforms in the Russian empire's legal and administrative structures. He eradicated various restrictions from universities, including mandatory uniforms and military discipline; ushering a new era of academic course content and reading lists. Renowned as the "czar liberator,” Alexander's reign was famous in Russian history, commonly referred to as the "era of great reforms."
Former Emperor of all the Russias
Ruling from 1894-1917, Nicholas II was the final Russian tsar and monarch. An incompetent and inept leader whose avoidance of active involvement in administration provoked resentment among the Russian people, his animosity led to unrest in 1905, after assuming the trepidation with hesitation following the death of his father, Alexander III. He refused to accept any diminution of his overall influence. Preceding the February Revolution, Nicholas II abdicated in 1917.
Former Member of the Russian Constituent Assembly
Leon Trotsky, born in 1879, fought alongside Vladimir Lenin in Russia's 1917 revolution. As commissar of war, he assisted in the defeat of anti-Bolshevik forces. He was involved in a power battle with Joseph Stalin, which resulted in his death. Trotsky identified as an orthodox Marxist, a revolutionary Marxist, and a Bolshevik–Leninist, a disciple of Marx, Engels, and the 3L: Lenin, Karl Liebknecht, and Rosa Luxemburg.
Former Minister of Agriculture of the Russian Federation
Viktor Mikhailovich Chernov (1873–1952) was a Russian revolutionary, prime theoretician, and leader of the Socialist Revolutionary Party. He steered the Populist movements away from a platform of anarchism, violence, and despondency, and toward a better understanding of the new problems confronting Russia at the turn of the century: urbanization, Marxism, and industrialization. Chernov was the party's principal thinker and more of an analyst than a political leader.
Economist
As a visionary woman, Luxemburg's prominence in the creation of theories of Marxist humanism thinking permitted the role of democracy and popular action to achieve international socialism as a Polish Marxist economist, anti-war activist, philosopher, and revolutionary socialist. As a martyr for her cause, she has been memorialized in popular culture.
Russian Peasant
Rasputin, a self-styled holy man, became a confidant of Russia's Tsar and Tsarina in the years preceding the Russian Revolution. Known primarily for his encounters with the Romanovs, he was born in a distant Siberian town to illiterate peasant parents. In 1908, Rasputin received the approval of Czar Nicholas II and Czarina Alexandra for his ability to halt the bleeding of their hemophiliac son, Alexei. Becoming engulfed in the events of the revolution, he was assassinated in 1916.
Former Minister-Chairman of the Provisional Government
Among the revolutionary leadership following the February Revolution, Alexander Kerensky, known for his devotion to the coalition government and Russia's continuing involvement in the war, became the Russian Revolution’s “first cult of personality.” By catering to the left wing, he attempted to entrench his power and attract support. Kerensky established essential civil liberties across Russia, including freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion, universal suffrage, and equal rights.
